95PLA 特拉萨联排住宅翻新扩建 | Vallribera Arquitectes
又是一栋排屋，一个拥有两个孩子的四口之家；以及，又是一项必须接受的挑战。Another row house, another four-person family, another set of parents, and another two children. Another challenge to take on.
▼住宅外观，exterior view © José Hevia
▼后院概览，overview of the backyard © José Hevia
该设计应对了这类项目的一个显著问题：是翻新原有建筑更好，还是将其拆除并建造新的建筑更好？在这个案例中，答案是不清晰的。一方面，由于屋顶缺乏维护，房子后面的结构已经损坏。楼梯间也需要拆除，以便腾出空间给车库（这是客户坚决的要求之一）。这需要新建筑相当大的面积。另一方面，原有建筑具有百年老宅的魅力，其余的结构和建筑围护结构可以保留和翻新。
▼项目区位，site plan © Vallribera Arquitectes
The design deals with an issue that is characteristic of this kind of project: is it better to refurbish the original building or tear it down and build something new? In this case, the answer is unclear. On the one hand, the structure at the back of the house has been damaged due to a lack of maintenance on the roof. The stairwell also needs to be torn out to make room for a parking area (one of the client’s non-negotiable requests). That requires a rather large surface area of new construction. On the other hand, the original building has the charm of a 100-year-old house, and the rest of the structure and building envelope can be kept and refurbished.
▼从餐厨区望向客厅及后院，view of living room and the backyard looking from kitchen-dining area © José Hevia
▼一层起居及餐厨区概览，overview of kitchen-dining area on first floor © José Hevia
▼厨房概览，overview of kitchen © José Hevia
▼楼梯间，stairwell © José Hevia
设计策略回应了我们刚刚描述的建筑状态。所有能保留的现存元素都被保留下来并着色。所有的新结构——楼梯间，后院增建部分，以及坡屋顶下的新阁楼空间——都是用大尺寸的交叉层压木板（CLT）建造的。这些板材保持了未经处理的样貌。因此，新的木材元素颜色单一，没有上漆，保持连续，它们与变化多样、不规则、并被涂成白色的旧元素（梁，瓦，砖和灰泥）形成了鲜明对比。
▼材料示意图，material diag © Vallribera Arquitectes
The design strategy responds to the state of the building, which we have just described. All the existing elements that can be conserved are left unclad and painted. All the new construction – the stairwell structure, the extension into the back yard, and the new loft space which takes advantage of the height at the middle of the pitched roof – is done in large-format cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels. These panels are left untreated. As a result, the new wooden elements – of a single color, unpainted and continuous – contrast with the older elements (beams, tiles, brick, and plaster), which are varied, irregular, and painted white.
▼楼梯间细部，detail of stairwell © José Hevia
▼二层交通空间，transport space on second floor © José Hevia
旧元素的白色和新材料的木色连续交替，居住空间就分布在其形成的序列中。在一层，带有门厅的入口通道通向车库，其上部还带有储物空间。玄关、客用卫生间和楼梯作为厨餐厅的缓冲空间。客厅则连接着厨房和后院。院子被分为一个露台，一个花园和一个铺砖区域。在二楼，面向街道的主卧室通过一个垂直的服务核心，与楼梯间分隔开，二层的卫生间位于这个垂直服务核心中。楼梯旁的书房既可以也可以封闭，也可以向儿童卧室、带储物柜的游戏室和露台敞开。楼梯一直延伸到阁楼，这是一个单独的开放空间，可以俯瞰到书房。
The living spaces are distributed into a continuous alternating series of old-white and new-wood. On the ground floor, an entryway with a vestibule and a storage loft on top leads into the garage. The foyer, a guest bathroom, and the stairway act as a buffer for the kitchen-dining room. The living room connects the kitchen to the back yard. The yard is divided into a terrace, a garden, and a paved area. On the second floor, the main bedroom facing the street is separated from the stairway by a vertical service core where the bathrooms are located. From the stairway, the study can be closed off or open to the children’s bedroom, the playroom with storage closets, and the terrace. The staircase continues up to the loft, a single open space that looks out over the study.
▼二层空间概览，overview of second floor space © José Hevia
▼书房区域及儿童卧室，study and children bedroom © José Hevia
▼儿童卧室及带储物柜的游戏室，children’s bedroom and the playroom with storage closets © José Hevia
▼书房区域，study © José Hevia
▼从书房区域望向儿童卧室，children bedroom viewing from the study © José Hevia
▼从游戏室望向儿童卧室及书房区，children bedroom and study viewing playroom © José Hevia
新建区域（立面和屋顶）的施工方案解决了隔热问题并能阻止热桥效应。新的立面和裸露的共用墙壁在表面覆盖了保温材料，然后进行抹灰（外层保温系统）。挤压聚苯乙烯（XPS）被安装在新屋顶和原有屋顶。面向街道的立面使用了石膏墙板和矿棉，与内部空间隔绝。现有的楼板进行了加固，以减少振动，并添加了一层抛光混凝土作为铺装。所有的窗户都被换掉了，添加了新的可调节百叶窗来控制日照量。房屋的能耗改造和其他功能得以实现。
The construction solutions for the newly built area (façade and roof) resolve insulation issues and prevent thermal bridging. The new façade and the exposed party walls are covered with insulation on the exterior and then rendered (exterior thermal insulation system). Extruded polystyrene (XPS) is installed in both the new and existing roofs. The façade facing the street is insulated from the inside using drywall paneling and mineral wool. The existing floor slab is reinforced, to cut down on vibration, with a new layer of polished concrete which also serves as the pavement. All the windows are switched out, and new adjustable shades are added to control sun exposure. The energy renovation of the house and other features is achieved.
▼通向阁楼的楼梯细部，detail of the stair leading to the loft © José Hevia
▼阁楼与涂白的屋顶结构，loft and roof structure painted white © José Hevia
▼阁楼概览，overview of the loft © José Hevia
▼入口门厅及车库，garage with a vestibule © José Hevia
▼从入口门厅望向车库及入室玄关，view from vestibule to the garage and the foyer © José Hevia
▼卫生间细部，detail of the bathroom © José Hevia
我们觉得我们没有辜负挑战，我们解决了客户的问题，并带来了额外的东西。
We feel we have lived up to the challenge inasmuch as we have addressed the clients’ issues while offering something extra.
▼剖面模型，section model © Vallribera Arquitectes
▼模型细部，detail of model © Vallribera Arquitectes
▼平面图，plans © Vallribera Arquitectes
▼剖面示意图，section diagram © Vallribera Arquitectes
▼剖面图，section © Vallribera Arquitectes
Project: 95PLA Renovation and expansion of a row house in the center of Terrassa
Location: Terrassa, Barcelona
Phase: Finished construction
Gross floor area: 164m2
Design date: 2018
Construction date: 2018-2019
Developer: Private
Architects: Llorenç Vallribera, Aleix Gil (VALLRIBERA ARQUITECTES)
Collaborators: Sergi Ballester, architect; Montserrat Llobet, quantity surveying;
Míriam Molina, structural consulting.
Total primary energy consumption: 48.08 KWh/m2 per year
Total CO2 emissions: 10.39 KgCO2/m2 per year
EPC rating: A
Photographs: ©José Hevia
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